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About UsIs a joint-stock company specializing in the development and manufacturing of lubricant additives and related chemicals. It has independent right to import and export, has independent intellectual property rights and copyrights of multiple products.
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Lubrication Horizon Lubrication Horizon
Lubrication HorizonIs a joint-stock company specializing in the development and manufacturing of lubricant additives and related chemicals. It has independent right to import and export, has independent intellectual property rights and copyrights of multiple products.
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Our productsIs a joint-stock company specializing in the development and manufacturing of lubricant additives and related chemicals. It has independent right to import and export, has independent intellectual property rights and copyrights of multiple products.
024-31935099Performance Requirements for Extreme-Pressure Cutting Oils
Category:Lubricating oils and additives
Category:Research and Exploration
Add time:2026-04-25
Summary:The core requirement for extreme-pressure cutting oils is to deliver exceptionally robust extreme-pressure and anti-wear protection under heavy-load cutting conditions characterized by high temperature, high pressure, and high cutting speeds, while also providing comprehensive performance in cooling, rust prevention, cleaning, stability, and safety, and being compatible with a wide range of workpiece materials and machining processes.
The core requirement for extreme-pressure cutting oils is to deliver exceptionally robust extreme-pressure and anti-wear protection under heavy-load cutting conditions characterized by high temperature, high pressure, and high cutting speeds, while also providing comprehensive performance in cooling, rust prevention, cleaning, stability, and safety, and being compatible with a wide range of workpiece materials and machining processes.
Among these, extreme-pressure and anti-wear performance is the most critical requirement. Under the extreme conditions in the cutting zone—temperatures of 800–1,000°C and pressures of several GPa—it is essential to effectively prevent adhesion, welding, and severe wear between the tool and workpiece. This performance is primarily achieved by adding sulfur-, phosphorus-, and chlorine-based extreme-pressure additives, which react with metals at high temperatures to form high-hardness chemical reaction films such as iron sulfide and iron phosphate.
At the same time, extreme-pressure cutting oils must exhibit excellent lubricity: oiliness additives form a physically adsorbed film at moderate and low temperatures, reducing the coefficient of friction, decreasing cutting forces and machine power consumption, and thereby enhancing machining efficiency. Cooling performance is equally essential; convective heat transfer must promptly remove cutting heat to prevent tool overheating and softening, chipping, and thermal deformation of the workpiece, with lower-viscosity oils offering superior heat dissipation. In terms of rust and corrosion protection, the oil must provide inter-process rust inhibition to safeguard the workpiece, cutting tools, and machine tool guideways from rusting.
For cleaning and chip evacuation performance, the lubricant must exhibit excellent fluidity and penetrability to effectively flush away fine chips, thereby preventing surface scratches on workpieces and blockage of tool chip evacuation grooves; low-viscosity oils offer a distinct advantage in this regard. Oxidation stability and thermal stability are essential to ensure that the lubricant does not readily oxidize, thicken, or form sludge at elevated temperatures, thus extending the oil-change interval to 1–2 years and reducing equipment maintenance costs. In terms of viscosity and viscosity-temperature characteristics, the kinematic viscosity at 40°C is typically specified as ISO VG 10/15/22 for light-load applications and VG 32/46 for heavy-load applications, with a viscosity index of ≥95 to minimize viscosity fluctuations and maintain stable lubrication across temperature variations. Regarding safety and environmental performance, the open-cup flash point should be ≥190°C to reduce fire risk, while the lubricant must also produce low oil mist and low odor, exhibit minimal skin irritation, be free of harmful additives, and comply with environmental regulations. Furthermore, the lubricant must demonstrate good material compatibility, showing no corrosive effects on machine-tool metals, seals, or coatings.
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